Decentralization ___________

Conflicts, confusion, and failure to achieve decentralization objectives have characterized many decentralization efforts.6

The effective implementation of forest sector decentralization may depend on a basic national consensus regarding decentralization in general.

Ensuring effective decentralization and community choice

The current trend is toward decentralization.

Annex B Definitions of Decentralization Concepts

The Decentralization and Deconcentration Support Programme.

Regardless of the underlying motivation for decentralization, decentralization processes must be financially sound to be sustainable over the long term.

China s government is now attempting fiscal decentralization to revitalize the public finance position, while adopting financial decentralization to maintain currency stability.

The Workshop distinguished between democratic decentralization and administrative decentralization, agreeing that the former was more likely to lead to beneficial outcomes.

But decentralization raises problems of its own.

Indonesia Decentralization in Forestry Indonesia's Experience (Siswanto)

(e) Take measures to move towards decentralization

To derive the lessons learned from countries that had implemented decentralization for use, where appropriate, by other countries in the process of decentralization.

But financial decentralization extends beyond interest rate liberalization.

Decentralization, Deconcentration and Devolution A Sampling of Definitions

Ministry of the Interior, Public Administration and Decentralization

Integration of decentralization within the national forest program (nfp) of a country is considered to be an essential step towards a successful decentralization process.

Decentralization of authority, responsibility, finances and accountability, in various forms, is occurring around the world.1 An estimated 60 countries are now undergoing decentralization processes.

Everywhere outside Paris, calls for decentralization and regionalism grow.

(d) Decentralization and devolution of authority to local levels

A more gradual process towards decentralization is recommended.9

However, this formal decentralization process has not worked seamlessly.

Decentralization is a tool as well as a process.

Bolivia Decentralization in Bolivia Who Benefits and Why? (Pacheco)

This commitment includes financing and decentralization of the system.

The Implications for Biodiversity Conservation (Sayer) Choosing Representation (Ribot) FAO Experience in Decentralization (Wencelius and Morell) Paths Pitfalls of Decentralization in the Asia Pacific Region (Ferguson)

Ghana has a long history of decentralization and re centralization.

Filippidou, Aspasia, Department of Social Participation, Decentralization and Regional Development

Papadopoulou, Vasiliki, Department of Social Participation, Decentralization and Regional Development

To share the experience of countries that had decentralized their forestry systems some time ago with countries currently undergoing rapid processes of decentralization, including the transitional aspects of decentralization.

Decentralization processes and the achievement of an appropriate balance between centralization and decentralization of forest related decision making and management are key to making progress toward sustainable forest management.

There are several reasons to favor a healthy dose of decentralization.

We also expect concrete, decisive progress in the area of decentralization.

There is also a need for education of youth in decentralization.

The economic costs and benefits of decentralization are not well quantified.

However Ribot argues that privatization is not a form of decentralization.

Further recalling the establishment of the informal advisory group on decentralization,

The resolution could constitute an important building block in UNIDO's decentralization.

That factor should be taken into account in the decentralization process.

The country's administrative system is based on centralization, devolution and decentralization.

Tailoring decentralization efforts to local contexts is a key element towards success.

Restructuring (e.g. creation elimination merger within and between government departments decentralization, etc.) ___________

The decentralization policy will target the district (prefecture) to make it operational.

With the ongoing decentralization process, communes have a strong interest in civil registration.