Then there is the fact that correlation is not causation.

Etiology ( alternatively aetiology) is the study of causation, or origination.

Second, the researchers committed the arch statistical mistake of confusing correlation with causation.

But proof of causation in infectious diseases is limited to individual cases that provide experimental evidence of etiology.

The Award dealt with issues of liability, leaving issues of causation and quantum to be decided at later time.

There is no causation required between the misstatement and the liability for delay, loss or damage to the goods.

The Panel finds that both claims fail because the claimants failed to prove the essential legal requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

The Panel finds that each of these claims fails because the claimants failed to prove the essential legal requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

However, the Panel finds that submission of the banknotes alone is insufficient to prove the loss, as the Panel also requires credible evidence of loss and causation.

The draft principle needed to consider ways of lessening the duty of the victim to establish causation by, for example, shifting the burden of proof or lowering it.

The positive correlation between income and democracy that one sees across countries could be due to reverse causation democracy is more likely to persist as a country grows richer.

In the view of the Panel, this is not an appropriate test of direct causation within the meaning of Security Council resolution 687 (1991) or Governing Council decision 7.

Second, he assumes a nomological view of causation , according to which one event causes another if (and only if) there is a strict, exceptionless law governing the relation between the events.

In 75 per cent of the D1 (departure) claims and 35 per cent of the D1 (MPA) claims, claimants failed to prove the essential legal requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

The Panel finds that each of these losses fails, as claimants have either failed to clearly describe a loss or to prove the essential legal requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

Of course, correlation does not prove causation there are myriad other factors that affect economic performance besides the size, composition, and nature of welfare state spending (and clearly related taxes and debt).

Protein sequencing had great potential for the quantitative study of evolution (through the molecular clock hypothesis), but leading evolutionary biologists questioned the relevance of molecular biology for answering the big questions of evolutionary causation.

To show causation, mass communication researchers must isolate the variable they are studying, show that it occurs before the observed effect, and that it is the only variable that could cause the observed effect.

Or do they possess the dominion of the heavens and the earth and of all that is in between them ? If so , let them ascend the heights of the realm of causation and see !

Or do they possess the dominion of the heavens and the earth and of all that is in between them ? If so , let them ascend the heights of the realm of causation and see !

There is no calamity that befalls the earth or your own selves but in accordance with the law ( of causation ) before We make it evident . This is indeed how the law of God works inevitably .

There is no calamity that befalls the earth or your own selves but in accordance with the law ( of causation ) before We make it evident . This is indeed how the law of God works inevitably .

It was also noted in respect of pure economic loss, which according to the commentary is covered under paragraph (a)(iii), that loss or damage by impairment to the environment raised delicate issues of causation.

Lawsuits In the USA, a small number of personal injury lawsuits have been filed by individuals against cellphone manufacturers, such as Motorola, NEC, Siemens and Nokia, on the basis of allegations of causation of brain cancer and death.

Although the United States is at the forefront of the current information revolution, which is creating many similarities in social and cultural habits (such as television viewing or Internet use) that are attributed to Americanization, correlation is not causation.

Then there is the fact that correlation is not causation. In the case of Reinhart and Rogoff, the observation that highly indebted countries grow more slowly, even if true, does not tell us anything about whether high debt causes slow growth or vice versa.

This finding reflected the massive overweighting of one country in their sample, and there was the same confusion between correlation and causation seen in Alesina s work high debt levels may cause a lack of growth, or a lack of growth may cause high debt levels.

Taking into account the evidentiary and causation requirements that must be met by claimants in category D , and considering the legal principles that must be respected in the verification and valuation of compensable losses, a case by case assessment of each claim is required.

It seems to be based on a fixed set of concepts, which govern dozens of constructions and thousands of verbs not only in English, but in all other languages fundamental concepts such as space, time, causation and human intention, such as, what is the means and what is the ends?

it is not just about causation but about how any clinical condition (medical, surgical or psychiatric) can either be seen narrowly as just biological or more widely as a condition with psychological and social components, which will impinge on a patient's understanding of her condition and will affect the clinical course of that condition.