Even the European OECD countries, at 11.8 , are below the global average.

From 1992 to 2011, labor productivity grew at an average annual rate of 0.9 , the lowest in the OECD.

The financial sector is seven times smaller than the OECD average, and almost all companies rely on short term loans.

In OECD countries, the share of salaries in GDP has fallen by about ten percentage points, on average, to roughly 57 .

Even in South Korea, labor productivity in industry is 118 of the OECD figure, but only 43 of the average for services.

According to OECD statistics, pensions in Greece, available after only 15 years of work, reach an incredible 111 of average net incomes.

Sweden has a relatively high amount of sick leave per worker in OECD the average worker loses 24 days due to sickness.

Labor productivity is also quite low For most economies in the region, service sector productivity is less than 20 of the OECD average.

They continue to be paid less than men for the same jobs, even in OECD countries, where the average gender wage gap is about 16 .

Given that resource extraction per square kilometer in Africa is about 20 of the OECD average, the total volume of extraction could easily grow fivefold.

Although the government recently announced that it intends to increase R D spending to 2 of GDP by 2010, this remains below the OECD average of 2.2 .

Second, Latin American companies should increase their investment in research and development. As it stands, companies in the region devote about 0.4 of their sales, on average, to R amp D far less than the 1.9 average in OECD countries.

South Korean women still drop out of the labor force when they marry or have children only 38 of families have two wage earners (half the OECD average).

Three quarters of the extra CO2 will come from China, India, and the Middle East, and as much as 97 from non OECD countries as a whole although non OECD per capita emissions will still be far lower on average than in the OECD. Bucking the global trend, only the European Union and Japan will see lower emissions in 2030 than today.

Source OECD.

It would also be desirable to reduce the US corporate tax rate gradually, bringing it closer to the 25 OECD average. That, too, would encourage more repatriation of overseas earnings.

OECD, Competition Law and Policy in Russia, an OECD Peer Review, p. 25 (2004).

Between 1980 and 2002, average annual per capita income growth in the rich world (defined as the old OECD members) was almost 2 , compared to just 0.1 in the 42 least developed countries.

These words appear in neither 2003 OECD Model article 26 nor 2005 OECD Model article 26.

India's government expenditures amount to about 15 of GDP, compared to an average of around 40 of GDP in the OECD. Rather, India's financial difficulties stem from a badly designed and administered tax system.

Upon completion of this activity, trade data of OECD member countries will be processed by OECD only and will be included in OECD and Statistics Division databases simultaneously.

The Set and the OECD instruments all provide for cooperation on enforcement. The OECD instruments having influenced or been inspired by the bilateral enforcement agreements concluded among OECD countries.

Bright Outlook for Steel Industry in 2005 2006 Forecast at OECD IISI Conference , OECD, 17 January 2005.

According to the OECD, lower regulatory costs and more efficient public administration (building upon measures introduced by the previous government, led by Mario Monti) could add 0.3 0.4 to average annual GDP growth by 2020.

According to OECD estimates, China s current expenditure on R D amounts to only 1.3 of GDP, compared to 3.2 in Japan and an average of 2.5 2.6 in South Korea, Taiwan, and the United States.

1998 OECD report, chap. 3.

OECD also developed several new manuals, such as Measuring productivity OECD manual Measurement of aggregate and industry level productivity growth in 2001 and OECD handbook on economic globalization indicators in 2005.

For this purpose, UNIDO collects this annual data directly from approximately 150 countries not members of OECD, while it receives data for OECD member countries through OECD to avoid duplication of efforts.

) Therefore, 2003 OECD article 26 and 2005 OECD article 26 provide a broader coverage than UN Model article 26.

There is certainly room to grow the share of industry in developing Asia s output surpassed the OECD average in 2010 (41 vs. 24 ), but the share of services still lags by a wide margin (48 vs. 75 ).

Estonia joined the OECD in 2010.

OECD has worked on this issue.

Mr. Andrea Goldstein, OECD Development Centre

OECD, Competition Law and Policy in Peru, an OECD Peer Review, pp. 21 25 (2004), also available at http www.indecopi.gob.pe .

MILAN A rapid and large increase of government debt has been a general phenomenon in the advanced countries since the 2007 09 crisis for the first time, the average debt GDP ratio for OECD countries has surpassed 100 .

OECD inflation fell from an annual average of 3.7 in 2008 to around 0.5 in 2009. It has now started to rise again, but from a low level, mainly as a result of a turnabout in commodity prices.

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)

Therefore, in order to determine whether UN Model article 26 should be updated, it is advisable to review the changes in 2003 OECD article 26 made by the OECD Fiscal Committee in issuing 2005 OECD article 26.

In an age of soaring oil costs, a few countries have made a real difference in energy efficiency. The OECD countries, on average, use 160 kilograms of oil equivalent energy for every 1,000 of GDP (measured at purchasing power parity).

Further, the OECD Fiscal Committee made the following additional changes in 2003 OECD article 26 (1), when it issued 2005 OECD article 26 (and it is suggested that those changes be made in UN Model article 26 (1))

(a) The word necessary in 2003 OECD article 26 (1) was deleted and replaced by the words foreseeably relevant . The OECD Commentary (para.

Meanwhile, OECD has developed indices on globalization, which has led to the publication of the OECD handbook on economic globalization indicators in 2005.

(OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry) www.oecd.org.

OECD Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development