so we're hedging our bets here.

Investors, of course, are hedging their bets.

Capitalist institutions include risk management schemes that provide insurance, hedging, and diversification.

They thus provide an important instrument for hedging price risks in commodity markets.

Nevertheless, the West appears to be hedging its bets by sustaining contacts with the opposition.

But, while such hedging is natural in world politics, modesty is important for both sides.

These investors can, in turn, be encouraged when financial hedging devices and financial diversification protect them.

But it would be a mistake to focus only on the hedging part of American strategy.

Whereas guarding against uncertainty had traditionally been a moral issue, hedging against risk is a purely technical question.

In part, this reflects political hedging by the MILF in the face of Manila s incapacity to make meaningful concessions.

Back in the early 1980 s, financial engineers invented portfolio insurance, a fancy active hedging strategy for controlling downside risk.

But currency values are driven by macroeconomic developments, and therefore FX does offer natural hedging opportunities in liquid and transparent markets.

Unfortunately, when global stock markets crashed in October 1987, the insurance turned out to be useless, mainly because markets for hedging collapsed.

At the same time, oil hedging not only raises oil prices but results in huge reserves of cash in oil producing countries.

There has been a longstanding discussion about whether new derivative markets, which provide such financial hedging, tend to increase preexisting financial markets volatility.

Two waves of strikes in 1988 forced General Jaruzelski s government to negotiate with Solidarity, which, after a few months of hedging, was legalized.

For example, we need stronger consumer protection for retail financial products, stricter disclosure requirements for new securities, and better designed vehicles for hedging risks.

Ever since Copenhagen, a majority of the main greenhouse gas emitting countries have been setting out ambitious goals without hedging them with restrictive conditions.

But, for economists who actively engage the public, it is hard to influence hearts and minds by qualifying one s analysis and hedging one s prescriptions.

Other players on the grand chessboard of Asian geopolitics also are seeking to formulate new equations, as they concurrently pursue strategies of hedging, balancing, and bandwagoning.

Iran seeks compensation for expenses incurred in treating these additional cases indirect costs such as transportation costs costs incurred by caregivers opportunity costs and costs of future medical care.

If the ball costs 10, the bat costs...

The fund could also be used to transfer risk abroad, by taking advantage of the world hedging market which, for a fee, provides insurance against unexpected revenue fluctuations.

French production costs are high, but Greek costs are higher.

Methodologies used to calculate costs Staff costs Salary and common staff costs The standard costs (in United States dollars) applied in determining staff costs in the proposed budget are based on actual salary costs for the first three months of 2005, and adjusted for step increments in 2006 2007.

There has been a longstanding discussion about whether new derivative markets, which provide such financial hedging, tend to increase preexisting financial markets volatility. The consensus is that they do not.

Proposals to create an international fund to counteract price hikes in futures markets, for example, might divert speculators from trading and thus lower the market liquidity available for hedging purposes.

Operating costs

Operational costs

Administrative costs

Investment costs

Audit costs

Operational costs

Costs and financing The cost of supplying water consists, to a very large extent, of fixed costs (capital costs and personnel costs) and only to a small extent of variable costs that depend on the amount of water consumed (mainly energy and chemicals).

Investors, of course, are hedging their bets. Having ventured successfully into emerging non democratic countries whose frailty they are starting to fear, some, out of prudence, are starting to rediscover Europe.

Companies and investors are hedging their bets by taking a few resource efficiency measures and investing in some low carbon assets, but leaving their high carbon portfolios and activities largely intact.

In the United States, North America, much more expensive. Legal costs, medical costs ...

This amount was inclusive of extrabudgetary costs amounting to 642,400 to be funded by a number of member organizations and comprised 35,671,100 for administrative costs, 43,014,100 for investment costs and 1,443,200 for audit costs.

Non post costs

Travel costs 24.0

Travel costs 76.0

(a) General costs

Non investment costs

Participation and costs

It took a long time, but the contagion of a sound financial idea has been unmistakable. GDP linked bonds would also allow hedging the risk of inflation, plus respond to GDP growth.