But most natural pesticides as well as pathogen laden animal excreta, for use as fertilizer are permitted.

Nationally, according to the NDHS 2000, 41 of the population has access to sanitary means of excreta disposal.

About 77 of the population in Namibia has access to safe drinking water, and 41 has access to sanitary means of excreta disposal.

Treated waste water and excreta can be considered as a valuable resource with the potential for reuse, and in some cases for sale, with the revenues helping to recoup treatment costs.

Similarly, in the US, there is a lengthy list of specific exceptions to the prohibitions. But most natural pesticides as well as pathogen laden animal excreta, for use as fertilizer are permitted.

A clean living environment, including access to sanitary means for excreta disposal and adequate water supplies for washing, is linked not just to well being but to the dignity of families and communities.

The specific sanitation activities referred to in Albert David s letter forms the most fundamental basis of modern human infrastructure. Without a means to safely dispose of our urine, our bodies would rapidly acquire acute and chronic diseases, and eventually die as we rotted in our own excreta.

2.6.3.1.4 Patient specimens are human or animal materials, collected directly from humans or animals, including, but not limited to, excreta, secreta, blood and its components, tissue and tissue fluid swabs, and body parts being transported for purposes such as research, diagnosis, investigational activities, disease treatment and prevention. .

As Pakistanis, our collective excreta are flushed out of our homes into the underground system, which the sanitary workers are employed to maintain. Their jobs are dual firstly, to clean the sewerage system with little to no protection, no gear, no acknowledgement of occupational hazards and no provision of healthcare. Secondly, this regular cleaning is also meant to maintain a functioning sanitation system.