So you're a movement chauvinist.

The political consultants behind this shift know that chauvinist appeals work in America especially in times of economic stress and political turmoil.

The BJP, which accuses Congress of appeasing India s minorities, hews to a staunchly Hindu chauvinist line, and has received support from some of the most bigoted and intolerant sections of Indian society.

The political consultants behind this shift know that chauvinist appeals work in America especially in times of economic stress and political turmoil. But perhaps enough Americans will keep their eyes open this time and learn from history.

In a patriarchal and male chauvinist culture that constantly abuses the weakness of the woman for its own interests, Syrian refugee girls in Jordan, Libya, Turkey and Lebanon are subject to the pressures of forced marriages from Syrian or other Arab nationals under the pretext of protecting their virtue at any price.

We seek to find answers to some questions How was the women's experience in the war, what was their role in the guerrilla, how did they struggle to survive and protect their families, how did it change the women's paradigm within a patriarchal structure in a traditionally male chauvinist society, what were the consequences and how do they continue their struggle today.