The Spanish Government firmly opposes the reproductive cloning of human beings, but its position is different with regard to therapeutic cloning, which will probably be viewed positively in the draft law on biomedical research that is currently being formulated by the Government of Spain and will be submitted for consideration by Parliament in due course.

But the only European biomedical research that has used great apes recently is the Biomedical Primate Research Centre at Rijswijk, in the Netherlands.

Belgium voted against the Declaration because it makes no distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning.

The Dutch government subsequently banned biomedical research on chimpanzees.

Mr. Lovald (Norway) The Norwegian Government opposes both reproductive cloning of human beings and cloning for therapeutic purposes.

United Nations Declaration on Human Cloning

Democratized medicine represents the fullest flowering of the biomedical information revolution.

Worldwide, total annual investment in biomedical research is about 110 billion.

Our approach to therapeutic cloning thus remains unchanged.

GO is part of a larger classification effort, the Open Biomedical Ontologies (OBO).

Last month, the National Institutes of Health, the US government agency responsible for biomedical research, approved a report recommending the cancelation of the majority of NIH funded projects involving invasive biomedical research on chimpanzees.

A bit of cloning, you can get them back.

International convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings

It is essential that reproductive cloning be categorically prohibited.

South Africa will continue to strictly regulate therapeutic cloning.

We also believe that the text of the resolution does not cover the fundamental and well known differences that exist between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning.

In the hospital and in the entire region there's not a single biomedical engineer.

The Declaration annexed to the resolution is difficult to interpret as permitting therapeutic cloning and does not respect the differing views of Member States on therapeutic cloning.

In accordance with the Declaration, States will adopt relevant legislation which prohibits reproductive cloning but which allows, within the relevant legal framework, the development of therapeutic cloning.

South Africa, for its part, is against reproductive human cloning.

Among engineers and biomedical professionals, however, conservative, even fundamentalist religious leanings are not so unusual.

56 93. International convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings

But a few successful federations, competitions, and partnerships may not be enough to transform biomedical research.

We voted against the political Declaration on Human Cloning because some of its provisions could be interpreted as a call for a total ban on all forms of human cloning.

In the pharmaceutical and biomedical sector there are nine pharmaceutical wholesalers, 12 medical promotion agencies, 236 private offices (of which 70 per cent are in Conakry), 40 points of sale distributed among prefectures of the interior, and 10 biomedical analysis laboratories.

Mr. Peersman (Netherlands) The Netherlands voted against the draft Declaration on Human Cloning because it can be interpreted as a call for a total ban on all forms of human cloning.

Mr. Laurin (Canada) (spoke in French) Canada's position on cloning is clear.

(a) Member States are called upon to prohibit the reproductive cloning of human beings they are also called upon to prohibit other forms of human cloning inasmuch as they are incompatible with human dignity

The emphasis is on human dignity, respect and the right to equality rather than merely on the biomedical condition.

That position is reflected in our domestic legislation, which prohibits both forms of cloning.

We cannot, however, support attempts aimed at viewing all forms of cloning as equivalent.

Human cloning for therapeutic purposes would seek to reverse that natural order of things.

Unable to reach a consensus on a binding convention, in March 2005 a non binding United Nations Declaration on Human Cloning, calling for the ban of all forms of human cloning contrary to human dignity, was adopted.

Many people are still unaware that women s eggs are a crucial part of therapeutic cloning.

The debate over therapeutic cloning is, of course, hardly limited to the US and Italy.

The substance is used in the polymerase chain reaction technique, in sequencing, and in cloning.

The challenge in biomedical and computational research is to model the dynamics between diverse processes at the level of whole systems.

For example, Singapore has not only consistently advocated the move to ban reproductive cloning, but we have gone ahead and introduced our own legislation to ban reproductive cloning and to strictly regulate all activities that might result in it.

We will now take action on the draft resolution entitled United Nations Declaration on Human Cloning .

The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) is a nonprofit American medical research facility that focuses on research and education in the biomedical sciences.

Mr. Lobach (Russian Federation) (spoke in Russian) The issue of cloning involves complex scientific and ethical questions.

This is a step forward towards a future convention that would prohibit all forms of human cloning.

Sir Emyr Jones Parry (United Kingdom) The United Kingdom voted against the draft Declaration on Human Cloning because of the reference to human life, which we consider can be interpreted as a call for a total ban on all forms of human cloning.

The purpose of the UMLS is to enhance access to this literature by facilitating the development of computer systems that understand biomedical language.

The General Assembly has missed another opportunity to adopt a convention prohibiting reproductive cloning. Why is that so?