Nicolas II gained the status of saintly martyr.

By the following March, however, Czar Nicolas II was forced to abdicate.

Meanwhile, unrest grew in Russia, as the Tsar remained at the front.

The Manifesto was issued by Emperor Nicholas II, under the influence of Count Sergei Witte, on as a response to the Russian Revolution of 1905.

Pope Nicholas V () (15 November 1397 24 March 1455), born Tommaso Parentucelli, was Pope from 6 March 1447 until his death in 1455.

The Emperor boarded a train at Shimbashi Station, and traveled through the night so as to reach Kyoto the following morning.

February 17 A woman named Anna Anderson tries to commit suicide in Berlin and is taken to a mental hospital, where she claims she is Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia.

After the abdication of Grand Duke Nicholas II on 15 March 1917, the personal union between Russia and Finland lost its legal base at least according to the view in Helsinki.

Fourteen years later, the Decembrist revolt a movement of poets and army officers to topple Czar Nicholas I and establish a constitutional monarchy seemed to refute de Maistre s claim.

Not Napoleon, not Tsar Nicholas I, not even Hitler when he was being appeased in the 1930 s, could force Britain to compromise on its commitment to intellectual freedom.

After the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union, the locations of the bodies of the Tsar, Tsarina, and all five of their children were revealed and multiple laboratories in different countries confirmed their identity through DNA testing.

Eight years ago the remains of the Romanov family were publicly buried in the Peter Paul castle in Saint Petersburg. Nicolas II gained the status of saintly martyr.

His ambition should have been to tie Russia s future to that of Europe. Instead, Putin turned for inspiration to Nicholas I, the most reactionary of Russia s nineteenth century czars.

After Cambridge was described as a studium generale in a letter by Pope Nicholas IV in 1290, and confirmed as such in a bull by Pope John XXII in 1318, it became common for researchers from other European medieval universities to visit Cambridge to study or to give lecture courses.