Boron carbide, B4C, on the other hand, has an unusual structure which includes icosahedral boron units linked by carbon atoms.

And what you have here is boron trifluoride, with a fluoride anion.

And what it does is, it donates these 2 electrons to this boron complex right here.

These systems are mostly fabricated from silicon (Si), silicon nitride (Si3N4), or polymers.

Semiconductor lasers with blue beams are typically based on gallium(III) nitride (GaN violet color) or indium gallium nitride (often true blue in color, but also able to produce other colors).

The reaction is very sensitive and so the smallest quantities of boron can be detected.

Today, blue lasers use a sapphire surface covered with a layer of gallium nitride (this technology is used by Japanese company Nichia, which has an agreement with Sony), and blue semiconductor lasers use a gallium nitride mono crystal surface (Polish company TopGaN).

When boron levels in plant tissue exceed 200 ppm, symptoms of boron toxicity are likely to appear.

There is one more Polish high tech company which creates gallium nitride crystal Ammono, but this company does not produce blue lasers.

In p type doping, an element with only three valence electrons is added to the lattice.

The active layer of the Nichia devices was formed from InGaN quantum wells or quantum dots spontaneously formed via self assembly.

trimethylamine where it forms NMe3.SnBr2 and 2NMe3.SnBr2It can also act as both donor and acceptor in, for example, the complex F3B.SnBr2.NMe3 where it is a donor to boron trifluoride and an acceptor to trimethylamine.