1973 1981 Judicial officer receiving training at the Maastricht as well as the Amsterdam Courts.

In Maastricht, for example, the Maastricht International Playgroup was established more than 10 years ago as a way to cater to the needs of expatriate families living in and around the area.

When the Maastricht Treaty was negotiated, the Germans considered this provision an important concession.

First, they claim that it breaches the Maastricht Treaty s no bail out clause (Article 125).

The Maastricht Treaty of 1992 was probably the last masterpiece of Franco German creativity.

The Court relied on the same constitutional doctrines and conceptions of sovereignty elaborated in its Maastricht judgment.

The exclusion of members who violate the Maastricht Treaty is off the table.

That was the purpose of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty, which established the European Union.

For many years, Italy has disregarded the debt ceilings imposed by the Maastricht Treaty and the Stability and Growth Pact.

Maastricht was thus intended to prevent a situation like the current one in Greece.

MUNICH In blatant violation of the Maastricht Treaty, the European Commission has come forward with one bailout plan after another for Europe s distressed economies.

In a stable world, Maastricht Treaty s rules based framework, if enforced, might do the job.

Fourth, the spirit of the Maastricht rule on public debt would be reinforced, and moral hazard would be reduced. After all, the program would boost significantly the interest rate spread between Maastricht compliant debt and the debt that remains in the member states hands (which they previously were not permitted to accumulate).

They might take the route of adapting the Maastricht rules to allow for more inter temporal flexibility at the national level.

In 1993, when ruling on the ratification of the Maastricht Treaty, the judges expressed clear reservations about the direction of the European integration process.

Suppose Greece took 25 years to bring it down to the Maastricht ceiling of 60 .

The EU s leaders recently stated their intention to revisit the Maastricht structure, which in principle is a good idea.

The budget deficit is again out of control, and well over the 3 of GDP Maastricht ceiling.

The Maastricht Treaty established a monetary union, but the political union that is an indispensable precondition for the common currency s success remained a mere promise.

Central bankers in Europe have always resented the narrow monetary policy mandate given to the ECB under the Maastricht Treaty.

But if it goes too fast, the political cost could be substantial and irreversible. Politicians will push for more control and probably get it, Maastricht treaty or no Maastricht treaty.

Moreover, in the United States, there are rules and conventions (similar to Maastricht) that disallow or discourage states from running long term deficits.

A final way of thinking about the EU is as the ever closer union referred to in the Treaty of Rome and echoed in the Maastricht Treaty.

A decade ago, with the Maastricht Treaty, EU members agreed to respect the history, culture, and traditions of all of their constituent peoples.

The solutions that Europe s leaders provide must go beyond Maastricht, but without triggering new institutional debates, which would lead us nowhere.

The Maastricht treaty explicitly prohibits a eurozone country from leaving the euro, but says nothing about a temporary leave of absence (and therefore doesn t prohibit one).

Nineteen years of experience with the Maastricht Treaty, which created both the EU and the euro, has shown convincingly that such limits are unenforceable.

In any case, the Maastricht rules were never designed for a perfect storm like the one triggered by the collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008.

This stance led to a dramatic acceleration in European integration, culminating in the adoption of the Maastricht Treaty in 1992 and the introduction of the euro in 1999.

In addition to these internal (national) criteria, the UK would have to meet the European Union's economic convergence criteria (Maastricht criteria), before being allowed to adopt the euro.

The European Union s Maastricht Treaty was designed to deal only with imbalances in the public sector but, as it happened, the excesses in the banking sector were far worse.

According to Article 25 of the Maastricht Treaty, the ECB may offer advice to and be consulted by the Commission or the Council on the scope and implementation of legislation relating to prudential supervision.

Should this continue, perhaps bringing a de facto end to the Maastricht criteria and rising national protectionism in the form of industrial subsidies, the euro will be seriously jeopardized.

They are getting away with their power grab even though it goes against the Maastricht Treaty, which excludes nationality as a criterion for membership on the Executive Board.

The Treaties of Maastricht (1992) and Amsterdam (1997) created a new organizational structure for the EU and laid the foundations for political institutions equal to Europe s economic power.

The response was eventually enshrined in the Maastricht Treaty, which extended the European Union s competences to foreign affairs and judicial matters, making them partly supranational.

When the European Council opened the way for Turkish membership in 1999, it fully took into account the establishment of the European (political) Union by the Maastricht Treaty years earlier.

From the signing of the Maastricht Treaty in 1992 to the tenth anniversary of the euro in 2009, the expected momentum for creating a common European polity was nowhere in sight.

With the Germans helping to reconcile conflicting national interests by putting a little extra on the table, the process of European integration reached its apogee with the Maastricht Treaty and the introduction of the euro.

One idea making the rounds is for the European Parliament to define the ECB s objectives, on the basis that it is democratically elected as if the Maastricht Treaty did not result from a democratic process.

The plaintiffs argue that, in the case of Greece, breaching Article 125 required proof that its insolvency would pose a greater danger than anticipated when the Maastricht Treaty was drafted.

In mid 2007, Cyprus qualified for eurozone membership by meeting the stringent Maastricht criteria, intended to ensure that new entrants would behave responsibly and flourish in the secure environment provided by the currency union.

The defining factor in Trichet s sense of duty is the Maastricht Treaty, which clearly states the prime objective of Europe s central bank to be the promotion of price stability.

The Stability and Growth Pact, contained in the Maastricht Treaty, laid down strict rules of budgetary discipline, which were immediately violated and not by small countries, but by both France and Germany.

Automatic fines would punish any country whose debt to GDP ratio exceeds the Maastricht Treaty s 60 cap or whose budget deficit exceeds the 3 of GDP limit.