Domestic monetary policy has become the first and last line of defense against growth slowdowns and financial panics, enabling policymakers to avoid pursuing other important, but far more difficult measures.

It thereby diverts policymakers attention from the main issues.

Nevertheless, Asian policymakers should improve cooperation mechanisms designed to prevent and manage crises.

Western policymakers and those in the Gulf ask themselves what Syria would look like the day after Assad is toppled.

Unfortunately, there is no way to find out. Policymakers can provide only general responses, not deal with all cases individually.

Their principal and successful experience is in local politics.

If US policymakers adopt this approach, the tone of the Fed s next money market conference could be much more optimistic.

Foreign policy cannot be separated from its domestic foundations.

American policy makers in 1947 48 agreed that the highest foreign policy objective was containment of Soviet expansion as the Cold War unfolded.

Domestic capacity building requirements included informing policy makers, strengthening legislative and administrative capabilities, improving coordination and communication, and training personnel.

If policymakers overlook them, they run the risk of encouraging quicker, cheaper forms of education that will do far less to serve either students or society.

Rather than allow extremists to continue to hijack economic policy debates, policymakers must work to bridge competing schools of thought.

If policymakers are to address today s problems, they must think more broadly.

But Europe s policymakers claim to be making progress toward a so called banking union, which means collective banking supervision, rather than a merger of banks themselves.

BRUSSELS European policymakers have decided that they must be seen to be doing something about youth unemployment.

Agricultural policy describes a set of laws relating to domestic agriculture and imports of foreign agricultural products.

The costs or subsidies of such parking accommodations can become a heated point in local politics.

Apart from his complete control of domestic politics, Thaksin commands other prerequisites of regional leadership.

Two main parties began to alternate in power and European integration acted as a stabilizer for domestic politics.

Secondly, municipal courts may rely on policy elements not directly related to the principles of international law. At the least it can be said that the municipal jurisprudence is not inimical to the principle of survival.

To achieve the goal, several activities have been conducted by both public and private organizations to encourage women to participate in politics and local administration and realize the importance of politics and governance.

Researchers are tempted by persuasive results that can attract the interest of policymakers, who are tempted by a selective reading of the evidence that can provide them with ammunition in domestic and international debate.

Russian foreign policy is, as it was under the Soviets, an extension of official domestic priorities.

One high ranking policymaker noted in mid July, This is truly shocking We understand politics, but your government s continued recklessness is astonishing.

Economic development is the sustained, concerted actions of policy makers and communities that promote the standard of living and economic health of a specific area.

On one hand, populations and community based organizations often have a greater familiarity with and understanding of local needs, priorities and constraints that can affect the successful implementation of policy measures.

Furthermore, policymakers should pursue comprehensive reform aimed at eliminating domestic firms privileges and boosting competition, including with foreign firms.

But the lessons of the past seem to be too distant in policymakers minds these days, whereas domestic political pressure to put national economies first appears overwhelming.

WASHINGTON, DC More than any of the previous events in the Arab Spring, Syria s turmoil has presented serious difficulties for Western policymakers.

(c) Strengthen the vertical linkages between forest policy development and dialogue at the global, regional, national and local levels.

The efforts by UN Habitat to promote pro poor, gender sensitive policy tools to improve urban governance have led to high demand by local authorities for training and advisory services.

In carving out a global role for the renminbi, Chinese policymakers are proceeding deliberately. In the words of the venerable Chinese proverb, they are feeling for the stones while crossing the river.

In December 2004, the Chief Minister announced the new immigration policy related to residence and belonger (local citizenship) status.

While fears of meltdown have dissipated, these policies have been maintained or extended, with policymakers citing the fragility of the ongoing economic recovery and the absence of other, equally strong policy levers such as fiscal policy or structural reforms that could replace monetary policy quickly enough.

In many of the troubled emerging economies, however, monetary policy has shouldered the burden of controlling inflation, managing the local currency s value, and supporting growth.

Foreign policy isn t just about cutting a good figure on the international stage and otherwise focusing on the next domestic election.

On the one hand, pegging local currencies to the dollar renders monetary policy completely ineffective, as in a fixed exchange rate regime.

The Regional Programme has been used quite effectively as a platform to draw policy makers and leaders of civil society out of their national contexts and to foster dialogue on policy issues that sometimes could not be discussed within the confines of domestic constraints.

Many Europeans tried to argue in recent years that monetary policy should also take asset price developments into account, whereas American policymakers and academics largely resisted this approach.

But, then again, one should take all economic forecasts about Argentina with a grain of salt. In the decade since the last crisis, Argentine policymakers have broken almost every rule in the economic policy playbook.

In industries where no domestic firms are present, policymakers should aim to attract foreign direct investment from the countries being emulated or organize programs for incubating new firms.

Further sustained effort is needed to increase awareness and recognition among policymakers and planners in developing countries of the nature of voluntary action within specific local contexts and of the contribution such action makes to societies.

This included recommending that there be a national institute or centre for community development, able to support practice and to advise government and local authorities on policy.

The aim of the roundtable is to shape the attitudes and ideas of women into proposals and forward them to policy makers local governments, the Government of the Republic, Parliament and political parties.

Policymakers should remember that the housing boom was fueled by easy monetary policy, which sought to expand job growth as the US recovered from the last recession.