Where either an inadequate investigation or failings on the part of the prosecuting authority leads to the claim that there is no evidence of the wrong having been committed, this may effectively preclude both criminal and civil proceedings.

Tavakoli's arrest on December 2009, after criticizing the Iranian government while at Amir Kabir university, created a strong online protest campaign to counterattack the regime's attempt to humiliate him by claiming he had fled from authorities dressed as a woman after delivering a Student Day speech.