The dollar s slide after 1985 made the real burden of Latin America s dollar debt much lighter.

(d) cost changes in US dollars and euros and in percentage terms between these categories and

At present, the world holds a lot of US dollar assets, and greater diversification of portfolios in coming years would not be shocking.

Figure 2. Spot export prices of HR sheet (fob Europe, US tonne)

Domestic and export (fob) prices for HR (hotrolled) sheets, US tonne, 1974 1999

The South Korean won was initially pegged to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 15 won 1 dollar.

First, a weaker dollar is associated with a higher dollar price for commodities, which implies a drag on the trade balance, because the US is a net commodity importing country.

With rebalancing will come a decline in China s surplus saving, much slower accumulation of foreign exchange reserves, and a concomitant reduction in its seemingly voracious demand for dollar denominated assets.

MUNICH Because China has pegged its undervalued currency, the renminbi, to the dollar, every weakening of the dollar in the wake of America s financial crisis has also meant a weakening of the renminbi vis à vis other world currencies.

CIC chose to take a significant share in one branch, rather than a small share in the whole group, because doing so offered both a strategic advantage (access to energy resources) and a monetary benefit (investment in dollar denominated assets).

Instead of denominating a loan to Nigeria in terms of dollars, the Bank would denominate it in terms of the price of oil and lay off its exposure to the world oil price by issuing that same quantity of bonds denominated in oil.

Many developing countries have made progress since the 1990 s in shifting from dollar denominated debt toward foreign direct investment and other types of capital inflows, or in paying down their liabilities altogether.

During the past 12 months, China had a current account surplus of nearly 300 billion, which must be added to China s existing holdings of securities denominated in dollars, euros, and other foreign currencies.

The excess of saving over investment has given Japan a current account surplus, allowing the country to finance all of the government borrowing domestically, with enough left over to invest in dollar denominated bonds and other foreign securities.

The 415,683 exchange difference results primarily from the revaluation of the United States dollar cash and term deposits held by the special account for programme support costs.

They would also incur losses on their claims and investments denominated in euros.

1.40 Although UNRWA's expenditure is incurred mainly in US dollars, 63 per cent of the income is received in non US dollar currencies, thus exposing the Agency to the risks of currency fluctuations.

MUNICH Because China has pegged its undervalued currency, the renminbi, to the dollar, every weakening of the dollar in the wake of America s financial crisis has also meant a weakening of the renminbi vis à vis other world currencies. But is China really to blame for the eruption of a global currency war?

Much has been written, and many hands wrung, about the dollar s decline over the last four decades, but the fact remains that holdings of US dollar assets by foreigners today are vastly greater than they were in 1971.

(iii) The currency exchange adjustment figure essentially represents the realized gain or loss on non euro transactions during the year and the savings achieved in 2004 on the liquidation of prior year United States dollar obligations.

The following list is of world economies sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year, adjusted by purchasing power parity (PPP), in US Dollars.

The Panel therefore determines the appropriate exchange rate applicable to claims expressed in other currencies.

This helped undermine the role of the British pound internationally and catapulted the US dollar to the fore particularly after the Bretton Woods conference in 1944, at which it was agreed that countries would hold their reserves in dollars as well as gold.

Moreover, the Lebanese pound is pegged to the US dollar.

It makes sense for companies to move to where dollar sales are booming, and for asset managers to put money where GDP growth measured in dollars is fastest.

It's the year 2000, the year when the Zionist army finally left the Lebanese Soil (except for Shebaa farms) because of the amazing Lebanese resistance.

The project between the Centro de Salud y Bienestar Humano and Tulane University on spatial inequality was cancelled.

(a) Effective 1 January 2002, the euro should be used as the official currency for those emoluments which are currently set in the national currencies of the twelve euro zone countries, and that the national currency amounts would be converted by applying the respective fixed conversion rates and then rounded up or down to the nearest euro

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The yen s rising value raises the yield on Japanese bonds relative to the yield on bonds denominated in other currencies.

The most obvious means of recapitalizing China s banks would be to inject renminbi denominated government debt into the banking sector.

Central banks in Asia and the Middle East have traditionally held their reserves in dollars.

American Law Institute (ALI)

American Institute of Chemical Engineers

When banks borrow on the wholesale money market to finance their investments, they borrow in dollars.

This has put immense pressure on Venezuela s dollar pegged currency, the bolívar.

The explanation, I believe, lies largely in the August 11 devaluation of the renminbi, after a decade of appreciation. By moving away from the renminbi peg to the US dollar an undoubtedly risky move China demonstrated its willingness to allow market forces to establish the exchange rate in the long term.

His historical romances of frontier and Indian life in the early American days created a unique form of American literature.

It was predictable that China s currency peg would have this effect.

The dollar price of gold does not increase with the US price level.

The actual budget increase cannot be determined simply by noting a change in the dollar denominated amount.

The Lakota defeat the U.S. army.

The American Leader We Need

Algerian American themoornextdoor fought back, joking

CAMBRIDGE China s undervalued currency and huge trade surplus pose great risks to the world economy.