Many basic industries and foreign trade, as well as domestic wholesale trade, had been nationalized before the communists took power.

They were recruited by many expanding northern industries, such as the Pennsylvania Railroad, the steel industry, and meatpacking.

But the heavy industries in which many were employed have now closed, and unemployment is widespread.

Why are so many industries closed off to real competition? Because politicians are in the pockets of the incumbents who reap the rents.

The pharmaceutical, biotechnology and other relevant industries

B. Conference on International Cooperation to Promote Conversion from Military to Civilian Industry . 13 19 4

Some manufacturing will move out of China, and Africa has a chance of capturing some fraction of it.

A modern day Friedman might want to ask how China has come to dominate the pencil industry, as it has so many others.

The analysis shows how all major economic sectors including many energy intensive industries will grow. For example, energy efficient buildings are a boon to the cement and chemical industries.

Reducing this to 20 would spark an impressive increase in demand and employment across many industries.

Chemical industry.

F. Industries

Metallurgical industries

Engineering industries

F. Industries . 32 10

Textile manufacturing is a major industry.

This institutions supports, encourages and organizes the establishment of manufacturing industries, agrifood and other kinds of SMEs.

By contrast, governments in many successful developing countries have focused on strengthening industries that have done well in countries with comparable factor endowments.

(h) Technologies for the reduction of the energy intensity in industries, particularly in the highly intensive ones, such as the glass, ceramic and concrete industries

As industries suffering from insufficient demand shed workers, industries benefiting from surplus demand hire them.

The service industries that have absorbed the labor released from manufacturing are a mixed bag.

In many industries, neither market forces nor central planning are strong enough to bring about the creative destruction of inefficient producers.

Now, it is laying the groundwork to become a global power in more sophisticated, technology intensive industries.

Iraqi Industries apos Baghdad, Iraq 12 December 1991

Small scale industries

Efforts are under way, however, to move from basic to downstream industries as well as to promote the development of small and medium enterprises.

These leaders attitudes recall the worst behavior of their predecessors, many of whom engaged centuries ago with the West s rising imperial powers to halt the growth of indigenous industry.

130. Many of UNIDO apos s activities in 1992 to strengthen the institutional infrastructure for industrial development in Africa aimed at the small and medium scale sector.

So you'd have many, many, many, many, many connections.

India has opened up its economy to world trade and started to privatize many of its state owned industries (albeit often too slowly).

It is then inferred that this means that manufactures must be expanded.

They had liberalized specific industries as they became internationally competitive.

The Ethics of Big Food

Conversion from Military to Civilian Industry

F. Industries . 29 9

(h) Chemical industry 99.7

Basic chemical industry 65.8

(j) Wood industry 25.1

Agro based industries

The manufacturing sector. The service sector.

17. Military to civilian conversion takes different paths and forms in different countries, but its components are universally the same.

One hears this argument for many modern industries, from big food to big pharma to big finance.

The manufacturing sector consists of handicrafts and a few other very small scale industries, which contribute only about 3 of GDP.

After the declaration, banks and many large industries were nationalised.

2) an association of employers' organisations of an industry