Older phellem cells are dead, as is the case with woody stems.

The inner bark, which in older stems is living tissue, includes the innermost area of the periderm.

These nests may be found in the ground, under stones or logs, inside logs, hollow stems, or even acorns.

As the stems grow a layer of cells form under the epidermis, called the cork cambium, these cells produce cork cells that turn into cork.

The epidermis is a layer of cells that cover the plant body, including the stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, that protects the plant from the outside world.

Boxes of various shapes are often constructed from planks, logs, or other large wooden frames that allow children easy access to the sand and also provide a convenient place to sit.

Nutation is the bending movements executed by some plant organs, such as stems, leaves, roots, etc., by which the part is inclined successively in various directions.

The outer bark in older stems includes the dead tissue on the surface of the stems, along with parts of the innermost periderm and all the tissues on the outer side of the periderm.

I spoke to a biologist at the Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden in Capetown to ask him where he thought this remarkable plant came from, and his thought was that if you travel around Namibia, you see that there are a number of petrified forests, and the logs are all the logs are all giant coniferous trees, and yet there's no sign of where they might have come from.