So those neurotransmitters that were inside of our vesicle then get dumped into the synaptic cleft.

Synaptic cleft.

A vesicle is a broad term. A vesicle basically means a membrane bound container.

Post synaptic neuron.

This is the post synaptic neuron.

Like a transport vesicle would move material around.

So that's the vesicle and then the presynaptic membrane will

But anyway, these enter into the synaptic cleft and then they bond on the surface of the membrane of the post synaptic neuron or this dendrite.

little membrane bubble or you can almost imagine, it's in its own little vesicle.

Because you messed with 300 millions of spermatozoa which were guarded in the seminal vesicle of your father when your mom and dad were doing their business, you were in the seminal vesicle saying

They'll then be packaged in a little transport vesicle and moved to the Golgi apparatus.

Composition Many proteins in the PSD are involved in the regulation of synaptic function.

The major problem when analyzing the brain is the extreme complexity of its synaptic connections.

It represents changes of hundreds of millions, possibly billions of synaptic connections in your brain.

So your synaptic cleft in chemical synapses is about 20 nanometers, which is really small.

In other words it is a shipping part of the cell. Things come in as a transport vesicle.

And a neurotransmitter may diffuse and act not only on other synaptic contacts, but also on extrasynaptic receptors.

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And they're really really small and sometimes they're really really big. So a vacuole would be an example of a vesicle.

And the space between the two neurons, between this axon and this dendrite, this is called the synaptic cleft.

They're going to go out as a transport vesicle and they're going to to where they need to go within the cell.

As if that didn t make the brain mappers job difficult enough, a wide variety of synaptic relationships has been observed.

) Muscle electron microscopy shows receptor infolding and loss of the tips of the folds, together with widening of the synaptic clefts.

This process is called synaptic transmission, because the connection between the nerve and the next object in the chain is called a synapse.

According to a theory that dates back to the 19th century, such memories are stored as chains of synaptic connections inside your brain.

Synaptic symptoms include early childhood feeding and respiratory problems, reduced mobility, curvature of the spine, and weakness, which causes a delay in motor milestones.

Current estimates are greater than several hundred proteins are found at PSDs among brain regions and during different states of development and synaptic activity.

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And then the main side effect the reason why all this is happening is it allows those neurotransmitters to be dumped into the synaptic cleft.

Chemical synaptic transmission involves the release of specific molecules, neurotransmitters, which diffuse through the intercellular space and interact with specific receptors located on an adjacent neuron.

Structure The structure and composition of the PSD have been the focus of numerous molecular studies of synaptic plasticity, a cellular model of learning and memory.

But once it's fully engulfed, this thing is called a phagosome, on which is really just a vesicle that contains that foreign particle that you want to get rid of.

So after they've bonded this is kind of before the calcium comes in, bonds to those SNARE proteins, then the SNARE protein will bring the vesicle ultra close to the presynaptic membrane.

Increased synaptic plasticity the ability of synapses to adjust their strength, which is essential to healthy brain function could be the neurobiological reason for the apparent therapeutic effect in patients.

And then other fluid or vesicles that contain things that can eat up this phagosome so let's say that this is some vesicle that contains things lysozymes and it contains really reactive species of oxygen.

For example, although the synaptic density within a given area and layer may vary, this variability remains within a relatively narrow window, so the statistical distribution of the variation can be modeled.

A violinist, as we heard, who has done 10,000 hours of violin practice, some area that controls the movements of fingers in the brain change a lot, increasing reinforcement of the synaptic connections.

A violinist, as we heard, who has done 10,000 hours of violin practice, some area that controls the movements of fingers in the brain changes a lot, increasing reinforcement of the synaptic connections.

But once the pathogen is completely merged inside the cell, this little package will merge over here and it will dump its contents into this phagosome, into this vesicle containing the pathogen, and then break it up.

And so basically what we can do is we could have that go next to another vesicle that has material that we want to break down and those digestive enzymes will go in there and it'll break it down.

Every time a young baby learns something new to focus its eyes, to mimic a movement or a facial expression, to pick something up, to form a word or to sit up new synaptic connections are being built in the brain.

Every time a young baby learns something new to focus its eyes, to mimic a movement or a facial expression, to pick something up, to form a word or to sit up new synaptic connections are being built in the brain.

Now that might sound bad, but actually this is a really important developmental process, because gray matter contains cell bodies and connections between cells, the synapses, and this decline in gray matter volume during prefrontal cortex is thought to correspond to synaptic pruning, the elimination of unwanted synapses.

It makes these vesicles dump their contents in the synaptic cleft and then that will make other sodium gates open up and then that will stimulate this neuron, but if it makes potassium gates open up, then it will inhibit it and that's how, frankly, these synapses work.