During clinical death, all tissues and organs in the body steadily accumulate a type of injury called ischemic injury.

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is a treatment that improves ischemic tissues and removes wound fluid used by bacteria.

Venom emitted from some types of cobras, almost all vipers, some Australian elapids and some sea snakes causes necrosis of muscle tissue.

If the third phase is survived, the hepatic necrosis runs its course, and liver and kidney function typically return to normal in a few weeks.

By far, the three most common injuries to the optic nerve are from glaucoma, optic neuritis (especially in those younger than 50 years of age), and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (usually in those older than 50).

If acetylcysteine is started more than 8 hours after ingestion, there is a sharp decline in its effectiveness because the cascade of toxic events in the liver has already begun, and the risk of acute hepatic necrosis and death increases dramatically.

While most observational studies have focused primarily on stroke incidence in adults, in 2004 researchers reported that children in the eleven stroke belt states also have an increased risk of death from ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke compared with children in other states.

The third decade of penumbral research found a transitional leap as using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanning can identify brain tissue with decreased blood flow and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has the ability to detect portions of the ischemic tissue that has not yet died.

She translates for a volunteer paramedic as he examines the painful feet of Karim, a Hazara school teacher and diabetes sufferer who has been walking for weeks with his family. He has deep tissue necrosis in both feet and will, it seems, have to undergo a double amputation.