And that's basically deflation 50 percent deflation.

Deflation Doldrums?

Putting Deflation First

The Deflation Bogeyman

Deflation and Democracy

Inflation or Deflation?

Can China Beat Deflation?

Can China Avoid Deflation?

Deflation in many advanced economies.

Has Global Stag Deflation Arrived?

Deflation discourages optimism about the future.

That's a 50 percent deflation rate.

Why Deflation is Good News for Europe

The experience of deflation is well entrenched.

There was no persistent tendency to deflation.

Japan provides good lessons about where the true risks are, as it has been suffering from deflation or near deflation for 14 years.

Abenomics goal is to escape two decades of deflation.

Deflation that emanates from the financial sector is lethal.

Inflation and deflation of debts produce very different outcomes.

Price deflation is far more likely in the near term.

This deflationary tendency will create serious economic problems, which do not necessarily result from deflation as such, but may stem from a natural resistance to deflation.

A shift from deflation to low inflation would accelerate this process.

One is deflation that reduces prices and wages by 20 30 .

But that is logically flawed even with deflation, real purchasing power would fall, and the real value of debts would rise (debt deflation), as the real depreciation occurs.

The political response to deflation is to call for a stronger state.

Dealing with deflation is impossible within the bounds of normal market operations.

Indeed, excessive wage deflation is likely to have negative effects on productivity.

But deflation is painful and cannot realistically be pursued for political reasons.

Meanwhile, the economy has not yet extricated itself from its protracted deflation.

Employment growth continues to disappoint, and fears of deflation will not go away.

Historically, failure to protect against inflation or deflation has helped spur calamitous outcomes.

But the more immediate problem remains deflation, given high unemployment and excess capacity.

Whereas China is threatened by inflation, the US faces the risk of deflation.

In terms of price performance, that's a 40 to 50 percent deflation rate.

The country was no longer subject to imported deflation via the fixed exchange rate.

But in 2003, following five years of deflation, China s economy entered a new phase.

All the talk today is about are we going to see inflation or deflation.

According to Bernanke s debt deflation theory, the collapse in consumer prices was one of the causes of the Great Depression, since deflation raised the real value of debts, making it difficult to repay loans.

The most direct adverse impact of deflation is to increase the real value of debt.

Moreover, a sharp appreciation of the renminbi could risk domestic deflation and a financial crisis.

Indeed, it seems like avoiding sustained deflation , or falling prices, is all they can manage.

Deflation increases the real (inflation adjusted) debt burden, as well as the real interest rate.

Actual appreciation would lead to actual deflation and further downward pressure on domestic interest rates.

America fears deflation Europe driven by its largest economy, Germany fears national debt and inflation.

Deflationary pressures eased in Japan but firm evidence that deflation has ended is still awaited.