More consumption and less heavy industry will also reduce China s demand for raw materials, dampening global commodity prices.

CAMBRIDGE European leaders are seriously considering a Tobin tax, which would put a small levy on financial transactions, thereby dampening trading.

For example, distance from work centers can lead to increasing unemployment rates and furthermore dampening poverty outcomes for the region at large.

Moreover, many major central banks are implementing variants of QE alongside the Fed, dampening the effect of the Fed s actions on the dollar s value.

Indeed, there have been several regrettable occasions during the past year when the spectre of the veto had the effect of dampening debate or delaying important decisions.

It would also have a dampening impact on the long term prospects for reform in Belarus by creating an eastern bloc of Slavic nations suspicious of the West.

CAMBRIDGE European leaders are seriously considering a Tobin tax, which would put a small levy on financial transactions, thereby dampening trading. But will the tax do as much as its proponents hope?

The second surprise in 2005 was that while oil prices increased far more than expected, the economic dampening effect seemed somewhat muted in most places, at least until the last part of the year.

Dampening the repo market could be economically useful, because this funding has proven to be unstable Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers used repo heavily in ways that made them unable to withstand investment reversals elsewhere in their business.

The Defense Ministry instigated the ban in 2008, arguing that the subversive writings sympathize with communist North Korea and criticize the economic systems of the United States and South Korea, which could result in dampening the morale of service members.

Other countries, however, have responded to their growth slowdown in 2012 and 2013 by reverting to old practices that offer the temptation of immediate expansion at the cost of growth dampening outcomes down the road. This is the case, for example, in Brazil and Turkey.

But there often are serious costs as well higher prices for consumers, the dampening effect on further innovation of reducing access to knowledge, and, in the case of life saving drugs, death for all who are unable to afford the innovation that could have saved them.