Some genes increase risk of atrial fibrillation.

Differences in the atypical form are the lack of syndactyly, the presence of musculoskeletal problems (particularly hyperflexible joints), and atrial fibrillation.

This is generally found only with heart problems such as septal defects (holes in the cardiac septum) between the atria or ventricles.

The Bainbridge reflex, also called the atrial reflex, is an increase in heart rate due to an increase in central venous pressure.

FtsZ is a protein encoded by the ftsZ gene that assembles into a ring at the future site of the septum of bacterial cell division.

Grebes Order PodicipediformesFamily Podicipedidae Shearwaters and petrels Order ProcellariiformesFamily ProcellariidaeThe procellariids are the main group of medium sized true petrels , characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.