By stabilizing expenditure, such funds would help to stabilize relative prices and aggregate demand.

The aggregate programme expenditure (including funds, 48 million) increased to 2.9 billion, representing a 15 per cent growth from the previous year.

While the decline in aggregate demand led to reduced imports, the combination of higher interest rates, lower public expenditure, tax increases, and wage deflation boosted unemployment and triggered recession.

In 2002 for example, total investment in procurement training amounted to only 0.01 per cent of aggregate procurement expenditure, with the majority of organizations allocating no resources for that purpose.

Aggregate economic developments

For both, reducing the imbalance between aggregate supply and aggregate demand required, first and foremost, preserving the banking system and preserving the banking system required boosting aggregate demand to bring it closer to aggregate supply.

Aggregate figures can be misleading.

Aggregate procurement value and trends

Actual expenditure exceeded budgeted expenditure by 0.5 per cent.

Managing aggregate demand is governments job.

Countries that can still afford fiscal stimulus and need to reduce their savings and increase spending should contribute to the global current account adjustment via currency adjustments and expenditure increases in order to prevent a global shortage of aggregate demand.

Expenditure analysis

Expenditure ratios

Programme expenditure

Excluding expenditure on maternal conditions, total health expenditure per female was AUS 2,773 (21 per cent more than male per capita expenditure).

On both accounts, aggregate demand will decline.

Actual expenditure in field offices represents only a part of the total expenditure.

E. Expenditure estimates

Implementing partners' expenditure

Implementing partners' expenditure

An important source of aggregate demand has evaporated.

UNICEF WASH expenditure in 2004 was 160 million, the highest ever annual expenditure in this area, representing 12 per cent of total UNICEF programme expenditure.

The fall in aggregate demand while potential aggregate supply has been rising because of overinvestment by China and other emerging markets will sharply reduce inflation.

Rather, the risk stems from governments refusal, when push comes to shove, to match aggregate demand to aggregate supply in order to prevent mass unemployment.

Table 8 Expenditure ratios

Direct programme assistance expenditure

Income and expenditure projections

Overall programme expenditure, 2004

What it needs is a push more aggregate demand.

Table 6 shows programme expenditure as broken down by UNHCR into programme support and administrative expenditure.

In this example, the price of the aggregate good in the second country is 4.2 times the price of the aggregate good in the first country.

In order to assess the share of administrative expenditure, the table includes the expenditure funded from the United Nations regular budget (line D), which relates to headquarters administrative expenditure.

The expenditure was non negotiable.

Income, expenditure and resource mobilization

Total expenditure 1,344 million a

While aggregate output fell in 2009, it recovered extremely fast.

But these aggregate figures obscure differences among countries and regions.

In both cases, the underlying problem is insufficient aggregate demand.

The aggregate poverty rate of those six cities is 17 .

As a result, according to current projected actuals of revenue and expenditure, expenditure will exceed revenue by 13.99 million (including 3.5 million in installation expenditure payments for the Atlas rollout).

UNOPS has also developed a financial model to monitor year to date actual expenditure versus budgeted expenditure by initiative.

ITU 2001 expenditure amounted to US 33.6 million average expenditure per staff member in 2001 2002 was US 2,256.

Total expenditure 1,344 million a b

Changes by major object of expenditure

(Per cent of total yearly expenditure)