The world emerged from the Great War in the shadow of a mountain of debt that the victorious Allies owed to one another (the US being the only net creditor), and by the losers to the victors.

The victors of the last world war cherished their convictions no less than we do ours.

That arrangement has now come unglued following another cycle of victors justice.

Like history, social scientific theory is written by the victors and shaped by the context and challenges of its time.

The German African colonies were put under League of Nations mandates, and were administered by France and other victors.

As the Napoleonic era drew to a close, the victorious allies decided to award Norway to Sweden in 1814.

It still gives the victors of the Second World War permanent membership of the Council, and a veto over its decisions.

So We opened up the earth and sunk him and his mansion . There was not a body that could help him against ( the will ) of God , nor was he able to save himself .

We therefore buried him and his house into the earth so he had no group to help save him from Allah nor could he take revenge .

So We made the earth to swallow him and his dwelling and there was no host to help him , apart from God , and he was helpless

Then We sank the earth with him and his dwelling place . And he had no host to defend him against Allah , nor was he of those who could defend themselves .

So We caused the earth to swallow him and his dwelling place . Then he had no group or party to help him against Allah , nor was he one of those who could save themselves .

So We caused the earth to cave in on him and his mansion . He had no company to save him from God , and he could not defend himself .

At last We caused the earth to swallow him and his house . Thereafter there was no group of people that could come to his aid against Allah nor was he able to come to his own aid .

So We caused the earth to swallow him and his dwelling place . Then he had no host to help him against Allah , nor was he of those who can save themselves .

So We caused the earth to swallow him and his house , and he had no party that might protect him from Allah , nor could he rescue himself .

We caused the earth to swallow him , together with his dwelling , and there was no host to help him , other than Allah and he was not amongst the victorious .

And We caused the earth to swallow him and his home . And there was for him no company to aid him other than Allah , nor was he of those who could defend themselves .

We caused the earth to swallow up him and his home . No one besides God could help him nor could he himself achieve victory .

Thus We made the earth to swallow up him and his abode so he had no body of helpers to assist him against Allah nor was he of those who can defend themselves .

Then We caused the earth to swallow up him and his home there was no one to help him against God , nor could he defend himself .

Then We caused the earth to swallow up him and his house and he had not ( the least little ) party to help him against Allah , nor could he defend himself .

In 1919, Keynes produced a grand plan for comprehensive debt cancellation, plus a new bond issue, guaranteed by the Allied powers, whose proceeds would go to victors and vanquished alike.

The Peace Treaty between the two German states and the four victorious Allies was signed in Moscow on the same day, and reunification was officially proclaimed on October 3.

During the 20th century, the overseas colonies of the losers of World War I were distributed amongst the victors as mandates, but it was not until the end of World War II that the second phase of decolonization began in earnest.

Four of the war victors, the United States, the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Italy and the Empire of Japan, gave consent for ratification, but it failed to enter into force as the French Third Republic objected to the submarine provisions of the treaty.

However, during the first years of independence, 6 December in some parts of Finland was only a minor holiday compared to 16 May, the Whites' day of celebration for prevailing in the Finnish Civil War.

In 1919, Keynes produced a grand plan for comprehensive debt cancellation, plus a new bond issue, guaranteed by the Allied powers, whose proceeds would go to victors and vanquished alike. The Americans, who would have had to provide most of the money, vetoed the plan.