The rural poor generally do not pay for water with cash, but with time and energy spent fetching water, especially by women and girls.

MPAs are proven to also contribute significantly to local economies.

(c) Strengthening of domestic rural agricultural economies by actively contributing to integrated rural development planning.

Therefore, both land use right certificate and the local land administration book only have the name of household's head.

We also believe that communities and households must be placed squarely at the centre of programme design, analysis and implementation.

Finally, local currency bond markets and, more generally, domestic capital markets in emerging economies must be explored further, in order to lengthen the tenure of financial flows.

In developing countries and transition economies, it is the local firms small and medium enterprises (SMEs) which are responsible for most economic activity. On the one hand, there are modern SMEs in the developing countries that need to be nurtured into efficient and competitive enterprises.

When planning urban sewerage systems, Governments and local authorities may choose to subsidize household connections to avoid underutilization.

Women's economic empowerment does not necessarily lead to enhanced decision making in households and local communities.

Countries need to house and shelter their homeless, build schools and clinics, restart local economies and rebuild shattered communities.

In many of the troubled emerging economies, however, monetary policy has shouldered the burden of controlling inflation, managing the local currency s value, and supporting growth.

Individual and household access remains out of reach in the vast majority of rural and disadvantaged communities, in particular for women.

Household surveys, on the other hand, take the household as their unit of analysis for this subject, and the statistics published are not disaggregated according to the sex of the person heading the household.

Head of Household

17. Calls upon African countries to promote the development and strengthening of their domestic private sectors and to facilitate their effective involvement in the growth and development of, and economic integration among, the African economies

This survey will focus on the respective impact of different kinds of investors on the local economies, and discern links between FDI and trade in the context of the target countries.

Are there real world cases that could be drawn upon as models for successful promotion of TNCs' contribution to local economies from the above identified areas?

Excessive centralization and harmonization are decimating the subsidiarity and competition needed to drive Europe s economies, as the socialization of debt undermines weaker economies accountability.

(iii) Housing and Household

Ironically, today s pain stems from one of the great successes that emerging economies have achieved the reduction of foreign currency funding in favor of local currency debt.

Additionally, economic development patterns that encourage migration (domestic and international), discourage sustainability, and disadvantage local economies, lead to even greater incidences of women's exploitation.

Household water treatment can help ensure the safety of domestic water and has been shown to have a significant impact on the prevention of diarrhoea, especially in young children.

Data relating to the poverty structure of households according to the sex of the head of household reveal significant differences between different major regions and between households headed by women and households headed by men.

In the pre war period, the average number of persons living in a household recorded a continuous fall.

(a) Population, households and families.

Mobilizing community level and household resources can make an important contribution to local water investments in informal settlements and peri urban and rural areas.

Household subsistence strategies and local mobilization in response to new vulnerability relating to land degradation under a scenario of climate change will fail to cope without due legislative and developmental measures.

Revolutionizing Arab Economies

Small and vulnerable economies

Small, vulnerable economies

Source National Household Survey (PNAD IBGE) 2003 Tabulated DAIE SECAD MEC

Like the advanced economies, emerging economies experienced a boom in 2000 2007.

Communities consistently cite reliable and accessible water sources for household use as a development priority and increasingly stress the importance of sanitation as well.

Specific support will focus on community management of local water resources, including rainwater harvesting (for use by households and schools, and groundwater recharge), micro watershed management and operational research.

On adaptation, he pointed out that households have been implementing different technologies for adaptation for decades, and that many decisions on adaptation are taken at the community level through farm associations.

This policy when implemented will give 30million workers the opportunity to join the scheme.

The emerging diversity of household types includes an increasing number of households headed by women, as well as those containing several generations.

But sadly, it is concentrated in the emerging economies of a few best performers.

Subsequent interviews indicate that a number of previously reunified returnees have separated themselves from households that are not able to absorb them and have returned to the local authorities.

This is particularly the case at the household and individual user level, but even small enterprises in rural areas often access computers in local village community centres and similar public places.

6. Recognizes, at the same time, that domestic economies are now interwoven with the global economic system and that, inter alia, the effective use of trade and investment opportunities can help countries to fight poverty

Recognizes, at the same time, that domestic economies are now interwoven with the global economic system and that, inter alia, the effective use of trade and investment opportunities can help countries to fight poverty

United Nations peace missions support the peace process in host countries by funding quick impact projects aimed at improving the living conditions of war affected people and assisting in the rehabilitation of local economies.

The success stories of some transitional economies do not guarantee sustained development for all such economies.

And, at least until a certain stage of growth, economies of scale and scope beckon, with expansion abroad often the only way to increase size, given already saturated domestic markets.