The Commission considered the issue of how to unleash the potential of entrepreneurship in developing countries, including through the EMPRETEC programme.

General description Framework and institutional interventions are needed to harness the full potential of entrepreneurship and SMEs for improved economic performance.

To harness the potential of the younger generation, the national Youth Development Plan revolves around a three pronged strategy leadership training, acquisition of vocational and technical skills, and an entrepreneurship programme.

Strengthening entrepreneurship

One approach to strengthening entrepreneurship has been to enhance the entrepreneurial traits of individual business persons.

Entrepreneurial framework conditions

Elements of entrepreneurship and its relationship with economic development

The entrepreneurial framework conditions aim to enhance the skills and motivations of individual entrepreneurs.

Some theories for strengthening entrepreneurship

At the country level, the programme identifies promising entrepreneurs and provides them with training to strengthen their entrepreneurial talents (i.e. based on personal qualities such as the entrepreneurial traits referred to above) and business skills.

As a related measure and to set the agenda for entrepreneurship policy, the Commission published a Green Paper Entrepreneurship in Europe in 2003.

10 Jae kyoung Kim, Korea seeks major role in Asian market integration , Korea Times (13 May 2004) and Nomura Securities Co., Ltd., press release (8 December 2004).

International Labour Office (2005). World Employment Report, 2004 05. Geneva.

Nomura Security Co., Ltd. (2004). Arrangement of Korean collateralized bond obligation. Press release (8 December).

New York Oxford University Press.

Flecainide works by regulating the flow of sodium in the heart, causing prolongation of the cardiac action potential.

David McClelland identifies 10 personal competencies for detecting and strengthening entrepreneurial potential that are common across countries.30

In addition, efforts need to be directed towards entrepreneurship and investment promotion.

Programme Component E.2 Rural and Women's Entrepreneurship Development

(f) Small and Microenterprise Training (SMET) (Gaza Strip only)

Unleashing Entrepreneurship Making Business Work for the Poor.

Social Research, vol. 71, No. 2 (Summer, 2004).

Independent entrepreneurship presents certain attractions for women.

Such coursework both prepares students for the rigours of managing enterprises, as well as helps facilitate a culture of entrepreneurship.

Additionally, young people highlight the need to invest in entrepreneurial activities for rural youth, e.g., by creating a fund for young rural entrepreneurs.

General description Up to two billion of the world's poor live in rural areas, out of which 60 per cent are women and girls who need to diversify the sources of their household income to non agricultural economic activities with higher returns in order to climb out of poverty.

Unleashing Entrepreneurship Making Business Work for the Poor.

An enabling environment encourages entrepreneurship, allows local companies to thrive and attracts foreign investment.

However, when entrepreneurship is presented as a gender neutral profession, men and women express a similar level of interest in becoming entrepreneurs.

This point is considered further in the following section, which explores theories for strengthening entrepreneurship.

The Government provides financial and technical support for establishing such mechanisms that are required to encourage women entrepreneur ship.

The EMPRETEC programme aims at promoting entrepreneurship in developing countries.

The promotion of such linkages should be seen as part of a broader strategy aimed at developing entrepreneurship and technological capabilities through programmes such as EMPRETEC.

Emphasis will be placed on entrepreneurship development (with special focus on rural and women's entrepreneurship), the development of horizontal and vertical SME networks for ensuring job creation and income generation, and the strengthening of agro based and agro related industries.

Furthermore, it can strengthen the entrepreneurial base in the host country by providing local entrepreneurs with management skills and new experiences.

At the same time, improvements are happening in developing countries in all regions, as well as in many transition economies, including such notable examples as Argentina, Jordan, Morocco, Nepal and Sri Lanka.4 With respect to closing businesses, laws and regulations exist in a number of developing countries that restrict the ability of enterprises to restructure or shut down.

The successful combination of the general national framework and entrepreneurial framework conditions should lead to offshoot businesses that will in turn lead to innovation and competition in the marketplace and, in the end, help to generate economic growth.

Geothermal potential amounts to 990 MW and wind potential to 600 MW.

Women are very often either small entrepreneurs or sole proprietors.

Finally, the first Entrepreneurship Training Workshops had started in Paraguay in September 2004.

The main aim of training was to inform and educate young farmers on the improvement of their entrepreneurial capabilities and the strengthening of their position in agricultural enterprise.

Higher income countries and regions experience an increase in total entrepreneurial activity related primarily to increasing rates of opportunity entrepreneurship, which requires better infrastructure and technology development.25

Mr. Toru Ueno, Principal Administrator, OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs and Local Development (CFE), Small and Medium sized Enterprise (SME) and Entrepreneurship Division, OECD

In the case of low income countries or regions, where necessity entrepreneurship rates are high and start ups offer little in the way of adopting new techniques or innovations, policies need to focus especially on the general enabling conditions that trigger entrepreneurship.

Katz, Jorge, and Bernardo Kosacoff (2000). Technological learning, institution building, and the microeconomics of import substitution.